Who is Bashar bin Barad
Who is Bashar bin Barad |
Bashar bin Barad lineage and name:
* He is Bashar bin Barad bin Bahman bin Atherkand bin Pepirsan. His genealogy was not fully mentioned except in his office. Bashar bin Barad was always proud of being a descendant of the kings of Persia, so his father was Burd bin Bahman, and his name was not known before Islam specifically, because the slaves used to be cold among the Arabs, since his father was taken captive and became owned by Banu Aqil, and he married a woman when Flamed brown. Bashar bin Barad was born in [Basra] in Bani Aqeel in the year 96 and grew up there. His owner was from Bani Aqeel who freed him after the death of his father, until he was called Bashar Al-Aqili, and he moved between several regions, then settled in Baghdad until he died there.
* Bashar was called "Abu Moaz", and he was also called Al-Marath, because he used to put a gold ring in his ear, according to two narrations, one of which says that his mother lost many children, which made her wear a ring in her little one's ear, believing that it prolongs life, and the second narration says One of the customs of the Persians was to pierce the ears of the Mamluk until they called them “ear piercings”. This custom passed to the Arabs and carried out by those who owned Bashar bin Barad.
Characteristics of Bashar bin Barad:
* Bashar was characterized by a set of characteristics that distinguish him from others, as he was huge, tall, protruding eyes, ugly and blind. In the story of his blindness, several novels have been narrated, some of which he says that his mother gave birth to him blind, and some of them say that he contracted smallpox when he was young, which caused him to lose his eyesight after that, and what supports the second novel is that Bashar described things in a true and accurate description in his poetry. About the thought of his reader that he is blind.
* And he had his own style of reciting poetry, so you saw him clap with both hands, hem and spit on his right and left, then he began reciting poetry. And he was known for his bad manners, his openness about sins, his love of self and his obscene speech, as he used to describe women without any shame after drunken sessions. Bashar was sharp-tempered, with a tendency of rebellion and revolution, with a brave heart that did not care about anyone, stubborn in his opinion and did not care about the risks, so shouting tongue, prolific poetry, thoughtful. People used to complain about him to his father when he was young because of his hair, so he beat him severely until his heart was soft on his son, but Bashar did not care. He was also known for his colorfulness and support for the Caliphs according to his own interest. Sometimes he supports the Umayyad state and praises the last of its successors, Marwan bin Muhammad, then his views change to praise the Abbasid state and praise the Umayyads.
Bashar bin Barad's beliefs:
* People in the first centuries of Islam were interested in the beliefs of the famous people, so they were looking for their doctrines and their faith. Bashar bin Barad was one of the poets who were accused of heresy at that time, as there was a relationship that united him with Wasel bin Ataa, Sheikh of the Mu'tazila, as he used to attend discussion sessions that Wasel bin Ataa held in Basra with those who embrace Magus, Dahirism and Hindi, but a dispute arose between Bashar And the Sheikh of Mu'tazila continued, because they believe in the return of the Hidden Imam, and that man creates his actions. Bashar declared his opposition according to what they believed. Because he only believed in the physical, which led to his expulsion from Basra.
* There were some people who accused Bashar of heresy, and some of them accused him of infidelity and atheism, and some of them accused him of hating the Arabs, because he used to boast and glorify his Persian origins a lot, so he met those who denigrated his Persian lineage with pride in the non-Arabs, and he met those who insulted him from the Arabs by being proud of his loyalty to a bad one. But what appeared in his poetry was that he was a Muslim, and there are indications in his poems that he adhered to the pillars of Islam, such as prayer, fasting and Hajj, but he was a lot of mockery in a form of shame and humor that made people hate him and plot against him, and attribute to him what he did not. This is what made him go to Harran, where he began to praise the caliph there, but he did not get what he wanted, so he moved again to Iraq and began to praise the Caliph Marwan bin Al-Hakam, so he admired him and his poetry.
* Until he returned to Basra after the death of Omar bin Ubaid, Khalifa Wasel, where movements from the revolution were emerging in the country, including the Alawite revolution in 145, so Bashar aligned himself with the Alawite revolution and praised its leader with a memorial poem, but the governor of Basra worked to suppress the Alawite revolution, which made The poet Bashar bin Barad organizes a poem in praise of the governors of Basra, and some infer that for his color and inclination with those who see his interest in it.
Characteristics and characteristics of Bashar ibn Barad's hair:
* Bashar bin Barad is considered one of the innovated poets of the Abbasid era, as his poetry was distinguished by a set of features: his poetry was characterized by a mixture of ancient and modern, nomadism and civilization, wisdom and immorality, and he preferred short seas as well as long ones while preserving the formal structure of the poem as it is with its meanings. Bashar bin Barad understood the intermingling of civilizations and the mixing of races with each other, which was reflected in his poetic style by using words close to people in easy-to-memorize terms without linguistic extravagance, so his poems depended on the depth of the idea and the element of surprise.
* Bashar bin Barad excelled in artistic photography despite losing his sight, as he used to describe events in a realistic and accurate manner that the sighted could not. His spinning poems are sensual and shameful, so he described the conditions of love with their details. This is because of his love for immoral and indecent, despite the fact that it is not known whether his love was artificial or whether love had already inflamed his heart. The satire in his poems was clear, as he used it as a double-edged weapon, either as settling personal accounts with his opponents, or for a personal interest that earned him money, by threatening and intimidating him from falling into his satire.
Qutuf from the poems of Bashar bin Barad:
* Bashar bin Barad was a scholar, a man of great poetry, as he himself mentioned that he had twelve thousand poems, between spinning and pride in his origins, spelling and description. And among the verses of pride in his origins, he said: I am the son of the kings of the foreigners, and I have a pillar of the two who are old. I do not hide from anyone. For the love excludes me, so remember my oath of other people on the day that zakat on that oath is to cry on a day you do not count me as my righteous charm in my right hand. They did not feel what the words were. How do they purify the bliss for me alone while the empty ones in the graves are important. Their breath was upon Umm al-Minya, so she slept them violently
* So they slept and the harmony of my eyes did not diminish them. Rather, the goal of the mournful, the quarrelsome, was the death of Bashar bin Barad. Bashar bin Barad died at the time of the Caliph al-Mahdi, as he was one of the caliphs who did not tolerate matters of belief and questioned them, so the Caliph al-Mahdi ordered his soldiers to launch a campaign against the heretics, and among them was The poet Bashar bin Barad, because of the grudges he carried on him, after the malevolent slander of Bashar and his satire of the Caliph Al-Mahdi, as a day came and Bashar was drunk and he rushed to call the call to prayer before the time of prayer, so the Mahdi was angry at that and ordered him to be beaten with a whip, and he was beaten seventy times until he died, and was buried in Basra.
The story of his death:
* Safadi mentioned in his book that Bashar died when he was about ninety-nine years old, and it was said that he died at the age of seventy, but the agreed opinion is that Bashar died at the age of seventy, and this is confirmed by his poem in which he came: And you think that I am sixty years ago for sure The demons of the enemy. It is almost said that at his funeral, no one came out except a black foreign nation who was crying out: And his masters! This is because many of those who are indignant of him are due to envy or satire.
* He had no friends left in Basra unless Bashar sat on them, or they spared the evil of his tongue, so they turned away from him. When he died, he searched in his books, but they did not find what they had accused him of, except for what he wrote in the family of Solomon, saying about them: (I wanted to spoil the family of Suleiman bin Ali for their miserliness, so it became clear that there was a relationship that united them with the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace. The Dinar of the Solomon family and their dirhams like the Babylonians, swathes of the Afarites, they are not found, and there is no hope of meeting them, as you heard about Harut and Marut.
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